Vitamins are organic in nature. Usually, they are obtained from external sources because a body produces a very low amount of these vitamins. They are present in very minute quantities in food but the deficiency can lead to severe problems. That’s why a balanced diet is obligatory for every single person.
TYPES of deficiency diseases
It can be divided on the basis of solubility. On the basis of solubility, We split them into two types. one of the types is water-soluble and the type is soluble in Fat.
What are Water Soluble vitamins (WSV)?
Water-soluble vitamins (WSV) are vitamins B and C. They are soluble in water, hence they don’t store in the body and are excreted through urine and feces. That’s why they are also called Essential Vitamins. Water-soluble vitamins (WSV) are needed by the body on regular basis.
What are Fat-Soluble Vitamins (FSV)
These are A, D, E and K. The food we eat contains fats. These fats absorb the vitamins in the intestinal tract and stored them in different adipose tissue and the liver for reservation. They are stored for a month or more than 3 months in this fatty tissue.
Now We will discuss them one by one.
Vitamin A
It is fat-soluble in nature. The major sources of vitamin A are Carrot, fish, broccoli, spinach, eggs, kale, sweet potatoes, liver, and cod liver oil. This plays role in eye health. Whenever there is Vitamin A deficiency it may lead the person to Night blindness and keratomalacia which makes the eye dye cloudy. So the vision process is disturbed. Night Blindness means the person cannot see without light.
The treatment goal is to fulfill the deficiency with food and take supplements of vitamin A that are available alone or in combination.
Vitamin D
It is also a fat-soluble vitamin (FSV). The chemical name is cholecalciferol. Milk, Cheese, butter, eggs beef liver, and mushroom are full of them. Cholecalciferol is also obtained from the sun’s UVB rays. The researchers say “Keeping yourself in the sunlight 15-20 minutes in a day is much helpful to gain cholecalciferol deficiency and requirement.
Vitamin D is necessary for the healthy bone because it helps the bone to absorb calcium.
Deficiency of cholecalciferol leads to many problems e.g Rickets, Osteomalacia, softening of bones, and Heart diseases.
Vitamin D deficiency can be restored with food and supplements. Vitamin D supplements are available in Injection, Oral injection syrup, and capsule form.
Vitamin E
This is also fat-soluble in nature. The chemical name is ergosterol. The major sources are wheat germ, kiwis, almonds, eggs, nuts, leafy greens, and vegetable oils.
Vitamin E This FSV works as an antioxidant. It also works in the formation of red blood cells and the body’s use of vitamin K.
The deficiency can lead to inflammation and bleeding in the body. It may also cause hemolytic anemia in newborns.
The treatment goal is to restore the normal balance of vitamin E and take supplements. Vitamins In medications form is available in a capsule.
Vitamin K
It is also called menaquinone. This is necessary for blood coagulation and bone health.
The deficiency of vitamins causes excessive bleeding and may lead to death.
Vitamin K in medication is available in tablets and injection form.
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